Criminal Law Glossary:

Understand Legal Terms in Ontario

Charged with a Crime in Ontario? Understand the Legal Terms That Affect Your Case.
If you've been charged — or someone close to you has — legal jargon can feel overwhelming. This Ontario criminal law glossary explains the most common terms in plain English, so you can understand your rights, ask better questions, and make confident decisions about your defence.


  • Whether it’s your first charge or you're just looking for clarity, this is your go-to guide for navigating the legal system with confidence.

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Absolute Discharge

A finding of guilt without a conviction or conditions. It's the most lenient outcome and typically disappears from your record after one year.

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  • 1. Why should I understand these legal terms if I have a paralegal?

    Knowing the basic terms used in your case helps you stay informed and confident during the legal process. 


    While your paralegal will explain everything, understanding these terms empowers you to ask better questions and make decisions that protect your future.



  • 2. Do these terms apply across all of Canada or just in Ontario?

    Most terms listed in this glossary are based on the Criminal Code of Canada, which applies nationwide. 


    However, how some programs (like diversion or peace bonds) are offered may vary slightly by province. This glossary is tailored to Ontario's criminal court process.

  • 3. What’s the difference between a charge being “withdrawn” and a “stay of proceedings”?

    When a charge is withdrawn, the case is officially dropped and you no longer have to go to court. 


    A stay of proceedings means the prosecution has paused the case, but they can reopen it within 12 months under certain conditions.

  • 4. When a charge is withdrawn, the case is officially dropped and you no longer have to go to court. A stay of proceedings means the prosecution has paused the case, but they can reopen it within 12 months under certain conditions.

    No. A discharge (absolute or conditional) means you were found guilty but not convicted. It does not create a permanent criminal record, and it’s automatically removed from your file after 1–3 years.

  • 5. How can I find out if I'm eligible for diversion or a peace bond?

    Eligibility depends on the type of charge, your criminal history, and the facts of your case. 


    A licensed paralegal can assess your file and speak with the Crown to determine if you're a good candidate. 


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